Preface; Part I. The Nature of Human Concepts: 1. Thinking and reasoning: a reader's guide Keith J. Holyoak and Robert G. Morrison; 2. Similarity Robert l. Goldstone and Ji Yun Son; 3. Concepts and categories: memory, meaning, and metaphysics Douglas L. Medin and Lance J. Rips; 4. Approaches to modeling human mental representations: what works, what doesn't and why Leonidas A. A. Doumas and John E. Hummel; Part II. Reasoning: 5. The problem of induction Steven A. Sloman and David A. Lagnado; 6. Analogy Keith J. Holyoak; 7. Causal learning Marc J. Buehner and Patricia W. Cheng; 8. Deductive reasoning Jonathan St. B. T. Evans; 9. Mental models and thought P. N. Johnson-Laird; 10. Visuospatial reasoning Barbara Tversky; Part III. Judgment and Decision Making: 11. Decision making Robyn A. LeBoeuf and Eldar Shafir; 12. A model of heuristic judgment Daniel Kahneman and Shane Frederick; 13. Motivated thinking Daniel C. Molden and E. Tory Higgins; Part IV. Problem Solving and Complex Learning: 14. Problem solving Laura R. Novick and Miriam Bassok; 15. Creativity Robert J. Sternberg, Todd I. Lubart, James C. Kaufman and Jean E. Pretz; 16. Complex declarative learning Michelene T. H. Chi and Stellan Ohlsson; 17. Thinking as a production system Marsha C. Lovett and John R. Anderson; 18. Implicit cognition and thought Leib Litman and Arthur S. Reber; Part V. Cognitive and Neural Constraints on Human Thought: 19. Thinking in working memory Robert G. Morrison; 20. Cognitive neuroscience of deductive reasoning Vinod Goel; 21. Cognitive and neuroscience aspects of thought disorder Peter Bachman and Tyrone D. Cannon; Part VI. Ontogeny, Phylogeny, Language, and Culture: 22. Development of thinking Graeme S. Halford; 23. Mathematical thinking Randy Gallistel and Rochel Gelman; 24. Effects of aging on reasoning Timothy A. Salthouse; 25. Reasoning and thinking in nonhuman primates Josep Call and Michael Tomasello; 26. Language and thought Lila Gleitman and Anna Papafragou; 27. Paradigms of cultural thought Patricia M. Greenfield; Part VII. Thinking in Practice: 28. Legal reasoning Phoebe C. Ellsworth; 29. Scientific thinking and reasoning Kevin Dunbar and Jonathan Fugelsang; 30. Reasoning in medicine Vimla L. Patel, Jose F. Arocha and Jiajie Zhang; 31. Intelligence Robert J. Sternberg; 32. Learning to think: the challenges of teaching thinking Ron Ritchhart and David N. Perkins.